Kalimat Pasif pada Future dan Modal
Ketika membentuk kalimat pasif dalam future tense (masa depan) atau dengan kata kerja modal (modal verbs), kata kerja bantu to be tetap berada dalam bentuk dasarnya: be.
Dalam pelajaran ini, kita akan membahas struktur untuk will, be going to, dan seluruh kata kerja modal utama.
1. Simple Future Passive (Will)
Kita menggunakan simple future passive untuk menyatakan prediksi, rencana, atau janji tentang tindakan pasif di masa depan.
Rumus: Subject + will be + Verb 3 (Past Participle) + ...
- Aktif: They will build a new school next year.
- Pasif: A school will be built next year.
Sebuah sekolah akan dibangun tahun depan.
- Pasif: A school will be built next year.
- Aktif: The manager will sign the contract tomorrow.
- Pasif: The contract will be signed by the manager tomorrow.
Kontrak tersebut akan ditandatangani oleh manajer besok.
- Pasif: The contract will be signed by the manager tomorrow.
2. Future Passive “Be Going To”
Kita menggunakan bentuk ini untuk menyatakan tindakan masa depan terencana yang sudah dijadwalkan atau sangat mungkin terjadi.
Rumus: Subject + am/is/are + going to be + Verb 3 + ...
- Aktif: They are going to repaint the house.
- Pasif: The house is going to be repainted.
Rumah tersebut akan dicat ulang.
- Pasif: The house is going to be repainted.
- Aktif: She is going to present the results.
- Pasif: The results are going to be presented by her.
Hasilnya akan dipresentasikan olehnya.
- Pasif: The results are going to be presented by her.
3. Modal Verbs Passive
Untuk kata kerja modal (can, could, should, must, may, might, would), strukturnya sangat sederhana dan konsisten.
Rumus: Subject + Modal Verb + be + Verb 3 (Past Participle) + ...
- Aktif: You should submit the report today.
- Pasif: The report should be submitted today.
Laporan tersebut harus dikumpulkan hari ini.
- Pasif: The report should be submitted today.
- Aktif: We can solve this problem.
- Pasif: This problem can be solved.
Masalah ini dapat dipecahkan.
- Pasif: This problem can be solved.
- Aktif: Visitors must wear helmets inside.
- Pasif: Helmets must be worn by visitors inside.
Helm harus dikenakan oleh pengunjung di dalam.
- Pasif: Helmets must be worn by visitors inside.
- Aktif: They might cancel the concert.
- Pasif: The concert might be canceled.
Konser tersebut mungkin dibatalkan.
- Pasif: The concert might be canceled.
4. Modal Perfect Passive (Kata Kerja Bantu Lampau)
Ketika kita ingin menyatakan kalimat pasif dengan kata kerja modal untuk situasi di masa lalu, kita menggunakan struktur Modal Perfect Passive.
Rumus: Subject + Modal Verb + have been + Verb 3 (Past Participle) + ...
- Aktif: You should have sent the email yesterday.
- Pasif: The email should have been sent yesterday.
Email tersebut seharusnya sudah dikirim kemarin.
- Pasif: The email should have been sent yesterday.
- Aktif: Someone must have stolen the bicycle.
- Pasif: The bicycle must have been stolen.
Sepeda itu pasti telah dicuri.
- Pasif: The bicycle must have been stolen.
- Aktif: They could have avoided the accident.
- Pasif: The accident could have been avoided.
Kecelakaan itu sebenarnya bisa dihindari.
- Pasif: The accident could have been avoided.
5. Semi-Modals dalam Bentuk Pasif
Semi-modals seperti have to, has to, had to, used to, dan ought to mengikuti pola yang serupa dengan tetap mempertahankan strukturnya masing-masing.
Rumus: Subject + Semi-Modal + be + Verb 3 (Past Participle) + ...
- Aktif: We have to finish the assignment.
- Pasif: The assignment has to be finished.
Tugas tersebut harus diselesaikan.
- Pasif: The assignment has to be finished.
- Aktif: They used to play traditional games here.
- Pasif: Traditional games used to be played here.
Permainan tradisional dulunya sering dimainkan di sini.
- Pasif: Traditional games used to be played here.
- Aktif: You ought to repair the window.
- Pasif: The window ought to be repaired.
Jendela itu sebaiknya diperbaiki.
- Pasif: The window ought to be repaired.
6. Tabel Ringkasan Future & Modal Passive
| Jenis Struktur | Contoh Kalimat Aktif | Contoh Kalimat Pasif | Bentuk Kata Kerja Pasif |
|---|---|---|---|
| Will Future | He will do it. | It will be done. | will + be + Verb 3 |
| Going To | He is going to do it. | It is going to be done. | am/is/are + going to be + Verb 3 |
| Modals (Present) | He should do it. | It should be done. | modal + be + Verb 3 |
| Modals (Perfect) | He should have done it. | It should have been done. | modal + have been + Verb 3 |
| Semi-Modals | He has to do it. | It has to be done. | semi-modal + be + Verb 3 |